What methods are commonly used for protection during underground maintenance?

Insulation and equipotential zones are crucial methods used for protection during underground maintenance because they ensure safety when working near electrical systems. Insulation serves to prevent the accidental contact with live electrical components, thereby reducing the risk of electric shock. An equipotential zone is a safety measure where the ground potential is equalized, meaning that potential differences that could cause electrical hazards are minimized. This practice is particularly important in underground environments where workers may be exposed to various electrical sources.

By utilizing insulation and creating equipotential zones, workers in underground maintenance can perform their tasks with a significantly reduced risk of electrical accidents, allowing them to focus on their work safely. Other methods like mechanical barriers and physical distancing, aerial inspections, and use of PPE all contribute to safety in different contexts, but they do not specifically address the unique electrical hazards that are prevalent in underground operations.